- Laboratory error (most common cause)
- Severe hypernatremia (Na > 170)
- Overestimation of plasma chloride
o Severe hyperlipidemia
o Bromide intoxication (eg pyrodistigmine bromide for myasthenia gravis)
- Decrease in unmeasured anions
o Hypoalbuminemia (AG falls by 2.5 mEq/L per 1g/dL reduction in albumin)
- Increase in unmeasured cations
o Hyperkalemia
o Hypercalcemia
o Hypermagnesemia
o Lithium intoxication
o Multiple myeloma
o Polyclonal IgG gammopathy
No comments:
Post a Comment